Engine or motor.



No. 696,663. Patented Apr. I, I902. w. n. BARKER.

ENGINE GB MUTOR.

(Application filed Aug. 3, 1901.) (No M 4 sheets-sheet I.

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6mm 6. fimmm w: NORRIS PETERS co PNOTO-LITNQ, WASHINGTON, n, cy

Patented Apr 1, I902, w. H. BARKER.

ENGINE 0B MOTOR.

(Application filed Aug. 3, 1901.) (No Model.)

4 Sheets$heet 2.

No. 696,653. Patented Am. I,. I902. W. H. BARKER.

ENGINE 0R MOTOR.

(Application filed Aug. 3, 1901.)

4 Sheef-Sheei 3.

(No Model.)

l .4, II II Norms PETERS co. FHDTO-UTHC'N WASHKNGTON. BY 0 No. 696,663. Patented Apr. I, I902. 1 W. H. BARKER.

ENGRNE 0R MOTOR.

(Application filed Aug. 3, 1901.) (No Model.) 4 Shaets-$heet 4.

THE n'onms Pawns co., Pumoumo wAsumaTuN. u. c.

' or with steam or other expansive fluid.

Ihsrrrrn b rarss Parent @rrrca \VALTER I-lON-ORATO BARKER, OF LEYTONSTONE, ENGLAND.

ENGINE oa MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 696,663, dated April 1, 1902.

Application filed August 3. 1901. Serial No. 70,701. (No model.)

To all whom it incl/y concern:

Be it known that I, VVALTER HONORATO BARKER, of the firm of Barker & Langcake, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Outgang Engineering'Works,Leytonstone, county of Essex, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Engines or Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to engines or motors for use upon motor-cars and for other purposes, and it comprises the improvements hereinafter described.

My improved engine, which is specially adapted to be operated by the explosion of combustible vapors, but which can also beeperated by steam or other expansive fluid, comprises a number, preferably one or two pairs,

of cylinders secured to a frame adapted to rotate upon a fixed shaft. This shaft carries a cam or eccentric, and the cylinder-pistons, which are preferably trunk pistons, are adapted to act upon the said cam through the medium of rollers in such a manner that their thrust against the cam will cause the cylinders to rotate around the shaft. Any suitable means may be employed for supplying the cylinders with the combustible mixture In practice I find it advantageous to arrange a central plug provided with a series of ports,

over which passages in the cylinders pass d n ring the rotation of the latter. In order to insure that the pistons shall work in unison,

and thereby avoid an uneven distribution of weight, the pistons of each pair are connected by toggle-bars, the pins which carry the piston-rollers also serving for connecting the toggle-bars to t he pistons. When two pairs of cylinders are employed, their pistons will all beconnected to the same toggle-bars. These toggle-bars may be made adjustable'as to length to compensate for wear or the like.

When my motor is operated by the explosion of combustible mixtures, I prefer to employ two pairs of cylinders and to arrange that each cylinder shall operate on the Otto cycle, so that I obtain four impulses for each revolution of the cylinders, each cylinder dur ing one quarter of the revolution drawing in the explosive charge, during the second quarter compressing the charge, during the third quarter operating under the explosion, and

during thefourth quarter exhausting the products of combustion. If desired,however, the cylinders can operate in pairstha.t is to say, the chargesin opposite cylinders are fired simultaneously.

WVhen the engine is used as an explosiveengine, I arrange that the several cylinders shall act as the vanes of a centrifugal fan rotating in a casing, so that asthe cylinders rotate a strong current of air will be induced through the casing to keep the cylinders cool. This air is also advantageously directed onto the valve-boxin order to keep it cool.

If the engine is operated by steam, coinpressed air, or the like, the cylinders may be completely inclosed in a casing and the exhaust led through the said casing.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of an explosionmotor having four cylinders working with the Otto cycle and arranged for the explosive charges to be ignited in the four cylinders in succession. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the motor. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44:, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5, Fig. 2; and Figs. 6 and 7 are two views at right angles to one another, showing an adjustable togglejlink. Fig. 8 is a section of an explosion-motor havingtwo cylinders. Fig. 9isasectional side elevation of a four-cylinder explosionmotor arranged for the charges to be fired simultaneously in opposite cylinders. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of a four-cylinder steammotor. Fig. 11 is a section of the distributing-valve of the motor shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a sectional side elevation of an explosion-engine,showing an arrangement forcooling by air; and Fig. 13 is a section on the line 13 13, Fig. 12. Figs. 14 and 15 are sectional views at right angles illustrating a modified arrangement of distributing and exhaust valve for the gas where the cylinders are fixed and the shaft rotates.

a a. a a are the four cylinders, which are arranged in pairs opposite one another and are mounted in holes or sockets in the box-frame 17, being secured in position by the bolts 1) I), (see Fig. 4,) the said frame I) being at one side keyed upon a sleeve 01' bush b rotatably mounted upon the shaft 0, and at the other side provided with a bush b, ,also rotatabl y mounted upon an enlargement of the shaft 0, as hereinafter described. One end of the shaft 0 is reduced, as shown at c, and mounted in a bearing 0 which is bolted to a bar 0 forming a portion of the supporting-frame or bed-plate of the motor, the projecting end of the shaft 0 being screw-threaded to receive a put 0 to enable the shaft to be clamped to the bearing 0 Immediately in front of the reduced end 0 of the shaft 0 a portion of the said shaft is screw-threaded, as shown at 0 and upon this screw-threaded portion there are mounted twovhalf-nuts c c, which are bolted in position thereon, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and which are provided with grooves c c ,with which engages a collar b upon the end of the bush or sleeve 19 By this arrangement the shaft c and bushes b b can be adjusted relatively with one another to compensate for wear. The other end of the shaft 0 is formed with a conical enlargement or plug 0 upon which the other bush 11 of the frame rotates. This enlargement c is bolted upon a bar a, forming, together with the bar 0 the support or the bed-plate of the motor. l

d is the cam which is keyed upon the fixed shaft. 0, the said cam being of a flattened elliptical shape.

6 c are the pistons, which are shown in the form of trunk-pistons, the said pistons being connected together by the toggle-linkse e, the pivots e connecting the toggle-links, having mounted upon them rollerse a which bear against thecam-surface (1. With this arrangement when the charges are exploded in the cylinders the pistons are driven forward in the cylinders. Their thrust being communicated to the cam-surface through the medium of the rollers 6 6 they are constrained to follow the periphery of the said cam, carrying with them the cylinders a a and the frame I), which rotates upon the fixed shaft 0. The dimensions of the flattened elliptical cam are such that when a cylinder moves from one end to the other thereof its piston completes a full out and return stroke, so that for one revolution of the cylinder around the cam its piston completes two out and return strokes, thereby enabling the motor to run on the Otto cycle while still having four impulses per revolution.

f is an ignition-plugfor igniting the explosive charges in the cylinder, the said plug being inserted in a hole f in the enlargement 0 (See Fig. 2.) It is to be understood, however, that anyother suitable form of ignition tube or gear can be employed. The hole or port f, containing the plngf, communicates successively with holes f in the bush b and holes ff in the frame 1), thelatter being connected with ports or passages f in connection with the ends of the cylinders a a. I

g is an inlet-port and g is the exhaust-port, both in the plug 0 the said tWo ports communicating successively with the holes f f and f in the bush 6 and frame 1), respec- 'the products of combustion are driven out by the second return stroke of the pistons. It will thus be seen, as above described, that the motor receives four impulses per revolution, each piston drawing in its charge, compressing it, being driven out by the expansion of the charge on explosion, and finally driving out the products of combustion, be-

ing then ready to draw in a fresh charge forthe next revolution of the engine.

his the casing of the motor, the said casing being fixed in position and being provided at its lower part with an inlet 72. for water and at its upper part with a pocket 72, having an outlet 7L2 for the water, the said water which serves to cool the motor being circulated through the casing in contact with the cylinders through the medium of vanes it which are secured to the cylinders and which when the cylinders rotate in the casing serve as a centrifugal pump and draw the water through theinlet h and drive it into the pocket 7L0 and out through the outlet 71 the motor rotating in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1. i

Figs. 6 and 7 show toggle-links which are adapted to be adjusted in length, this being effected by making the links 6 e in halves, which are connected together by a rod 1', provided at its two ends with right and left hand screw-threads, respectively, and having a hexagon portion 1', by means of which it can be turned so that it can shorten or lengthen the rods. e are nuts for locking the rods i 11 inposition.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a motor provided with two cylinders arranged diametrically opposite to one another. In other respects the principle of the construction of this motor is identical with that previously described. In lieu of the two other cylinders chambers jj are provided, within which the rollers e 6 can move.

Fig. 9 illustrates a four-cylinder explosion engine in which the charges instead of being fired in the cylinders in succession are firedin two opposite cylinders simultaneously. To this end the passages f f of the opposite pairs of cylinders open into a common passage ]c in the frame I) and the bush b the inlet, ignition, and exhaust ports being preferably arranged as shown in the drawings.

In Figs. 10 and 11 I have shown my improvements applied to a steam-engine. The

construction of this motor is similar to that hereinbefore described, but in this case two inlet-ports g g are shown arranged diametrically opposite to one another and which sup- ICC ply the pair of oppositely-placed cylinders simultaneously. There are also two exhaustports g g, which are also arranged diametrically opposite to one another, so that each pair of cylinders exhaust simultaneously, the said exhaust-ports communicating by pipes g g with the inside of the casing 71. of the motor, the exhaust-steam being discharged from the said casing 7t through the discharge-opening 77.2.

In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 the motor-cylinders are provided with transverse webs Z Zfor cooling purposes, and a current of air is directed against these Webs by means of the fans mm, secured in connection with the rotating box-frame b. Plates n n are fitted in the angles between the cylinders, so as to divide the space inside the casing-into two halves. By this arrangement the air drawn in by each fan is driven against the partition-plates n and thusdefiected upward over the whole of the surfaces of the cylinders, the centrifugal action of which drives the air out.

It will be obvious that in lieu of arranging for the cylinders to rotate upon a'fixed shaft by means of the cam the cam itself can be caused to rotate, in which case the cylinders are suitably fixed and the shaft 0 is rotatably mounted in bearings, as indicated by the dotted lines at o 0, Fig. 8. A suitable form of distributing-valve for a motor of this description is shown in Figs. 14.- and 15, in which in addition to the ports f f communicatingv with the passages f f as in Figs. 1 to 4:, I provide in the frame- I), in connection with the ignition-port f, the inlet g, and the exhaust g in the plug a annular passages 17, q, and 7', respectively, each having four ports opening to the plug c, corresponding in position with the four ports f f The shape of the portf is shown clearlyin Fig. 14, the other ports 9 and 9 being of similar shape, but shorter in length.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature ofmy said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In an engine, the combination with a shaft, of a casing surrounding the same, said casing and shaft being the one revoluble with respect to the other, said casing being provided with plurality of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders provided each with a cam-engaging roller, a cam secured to said shaft and adapted to be engaged by said roller, and means for moving the unactuated pistons, substantially as described.

2. Inan engine, the combination with a shaft of a casing surrounding the same, said casing and shaft being the one revoluble with respect to the other, said casing being provided with a plurality of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders provided each with a cam engaging roller, a cam secured to said shaft and adapted to be engaged by said rollers, and means whereby the actuation of a part of the pistons will give the unactuated pisshaft, ofa casing surrounding the same, said casing and shaft being the one revolubleWith respectto the other, a plurality of cylinders secured to said casing, pistons in said cylinders, provided with cam-engaging rollers, a cam secured. to said shaft and adapted to be engaged by said rollers and connections between said pistons, substantially as described.

l. In an engine, the combination with a shaft, of a casing surrounding the same, said casing and shaft being the one revoluble with respect to the other,-a plurality of cylinders secured to said casing, pistons in said cylinders, provided with cam-engaging rollers, a cam secured to said shaft and adaptedto be engaged by said rollers and adjustable con nections between said pistons, substantially as described. I

5. In an engine or motor-the combination of one or more pairs of cylinders, the pistons of which are connected by toggle-links, of a frame to which the cylinders are secured, of a shaft upon which the frame is mounted and of a cam keyed upon the shaft and against which rollers carried by the toggle-links bear,

ing rollers, ofa frame to which the cylinders are secured; of a fixed shaft upon which the frame is rotatably mounted and of a cam against which the aforesaid rollers bear, substantially as hereinbefore described.

7. In an engine or motor the combination of one or more pairs of cylinders, the pistons of which are connected by toggle-links, of a frame to which the cylinders are secured, of a shaft upon which the frame is mounted, of a cam keyed upon the shaft and against which rollers carried by the toggle-links bear, and of a distributing-valve in connection with the shaft for the steam or explosive charge, substantially as described.

8. In an engine or motor the combination of one or more pairs of cylinders, the pistons of which are connected by toggle-links, of a frame to which the cylinders are secured, of l a shaft upon which the frame is mounted, of

a cam keyed upon the shaft and against wllich rollers carried by the toggle-links hear, of a a casing inolosing the cylinders and having an inlet and outlet for cooling fluid and of vanes in connection with the rotating shaft orcylinders forcirculating the cooling fluid, subshaft and a casing surrounding said shaft, a pair of cylinders secured to said casing, pistons in said cylinders each provided with a cam-engaging roller, a cam secured to said shaft and adapted to be engaged by said rollers, toggle-levers connecting said pistons and cam-engaging rollers carried by said togglelevers, substantially as described.

\V A L'lER IIONORATO BARKER.

Witnesses:

JOHN E. BOUSFIELD, C. G. REDFERN. 

